Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport

Improving the methods of reducing dynamic loads in the elements of self-propelled transport machines and transported goods is based on the results of analysing the dynamic phenomena that occur during their operation, which is caused by an increase in load capacity, an increase in operating speeds, the combination of loading and unloading operations with other technological operations, and an increase in productivity. 
To prevent damage and ensure traffic safety, packaging and piece goods are secured in car bodies, train cars and ship holds with wire ties, stop and spacer bars, strapping and other methods. 
However, during transport, as a result of stretching and breaking of ties and pulling out of nails, cargo is damaged as it moves in the body, car or hold. Therefore, it is very important to determine the possible movement of the cargo at the design stage of the lashing structure and to ensure that it is within the specified limits to prevent damage to the cargo. 
The authors propose a methodology for calculating the oscillations of cargo in a truck body using the example of two loads of different masses. A kinematic diagram of a self-propelled transport vehicle with a sequential elastic coupling of transported loads is constructed and a study of nonlinear horizontal oscillations of a loosely fixed load when the vehicle is moving is carried out.  
Based on the results of the study, graphs of the dependences of the dimensionless amplitude of oscillations of the cargo mass relative to other cargoes on the gap between the fasteners were constructed. Maps of the areas of stable movements are constructed and the area of unstable movements of loads is shown. It is noted that although such a region of unstable movements is quite small, under certain conditions of vehicle movement and loosely secured cargo, phenomena arise that can cause a road traffic accident

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